What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?

The U.S. Congress is a bicameral legislature, meaning it has two distinct chambers. The correct answer identifies these two parts as the Senate and the House of Representatives. Each chamber has its own structure, responsibilities, and powers, serving as a check on the other, which is a foundational aspect of the legislative process in the United States.

The Senate consists of 100 members, two from each state, and has the authority to confirm presidential appointments, ratify treaties, and conduct impeachment trials. The House of Representatives, with its membership based on the population of each state, has the power to initiate revenue bills and impeachment proceedings. This division ensures that both smaller and larger states have a voice in the legislative process, reflecting the principles of federalism and representative democracy.

The other options refer to legislative chambers that are part of other governments, such as the House of Lords and the House of Commons, which are components of the United Kingdom's Parliament. This distinction is essential for understanding the unique structure of the U.S. legislative system.