What is the supreme law of the land?

The Constitution is recognized as the supreme law of the land because it establishes the framework of the U.S. government and outlines the fundamental laws and principles by which the nation operates. It defines the powers and responsibilities of government institutions and protects individual rights through its amendments. This foundational document takes precedence over any other law or regulation.

In the context of the choices provided, while the Bill of Rights enumerates specific protections for individuals and is a crucial part of the Constitution, it does not represent the overarching governing framework. The Declaration of Independence, while a significant historical document proclaiming the colonies' intent to separate from British rule, does not serve as a governing document. The Federalist Papers are a series of essays that promote the ratification of the Constitution but are not a source of law. Therefore, the Constitution's designation as the supreme law of the land underscores its foundational role in American governance.