What is the term used to describe checks on government power?

The term that describes checks on government power is "checks and balances." This concept is a fundamental principle of the U.S. government designed to ensure that no single branch becomes too powerful. The system divides power among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, each of which has the authority to limit the powers of the others. This interrelation creates a balance, preventing any branch from taking unilateral action without oversight or accountability.

In this system, for instance, the legislative branch has the power to create laws, but the executive branch can veto those laws, and the judicial branch can rule them unconstitutional if they violate the Constitution. These interdependencies create a framework where each branch can check the powers of the others, fostering a government that is accountable to its citizens and operates within the rule of law. This mechanism is crucial in protecting individual liberties and preventing tyranny.